{"id":823,"date":"2023-05-05T12:28:08","date_gmt":"2023-05-05T09:28:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gbni.usm.md\/?page_id=823"},"modified":"2023-05-05T12:28:08","modified_gmt":"2023-05-05T09:28:08","slug":"pagini-din-istorie","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/gbni.usm.md\/?page_id=823","title":{"rendered":"Pagini din istorie"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 Pagini din istoria Gr\u0103dinii Botanice (Institut) a A.\u015e.M
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Cercet\u0103rile botanice sistematice \u00een Republica Moldova au fost ini\u0163iate \u00een 1947 de c\u0103tre colaboratorii Sectorului de Botanic\u0103 al Filialei Moldovene\u0219ti a Academiei de \u015etiin\u0163e a U.R.S.S.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Dar, primele date despre vegeta\u0163ia Moldovei au ap\u0103rut \u00een sec. XVIII. Una din primele descrieri ale vegeta\u0163iei \u0163inutului moldav este reflectat\u0103 \u00een opera lui Dimitrie Cantemir \u201eDescrierea Moldovei<\/em>\u201d publicat\u0103 \u00een 1716.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00cen 1794, A. Meier expune primele date despre componen\u0163a floristic\u0103 a unor sectoare de p\u0103duri (75 sp.), stepe (50 sp.), sectoare cu vegeta\u0163ie petrofit\u0103, acvatic\u0103 \u015fi cultivate pe teritoriul dintre fluviul Nistru, r\u00e2urile Bug, Kod\u00e2ma \u015fi Marea Neagr\u0103.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Ia. Chihac, \u00een 1837, public\u0103 primul manual de \u015ftiin\u0163e ale naturii \u00een limba rom\u00e2n\u0103 \u201eIstoria natural\u0103<\/em>\u201d, incluz\u00e2nd taxonomia plantelor \u015fi animalelor expus\u0103 conform sistemului propus de Carl Linn\u00e9.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00centre anii 1860-1861 a fost organizat primul amenajament silvic, \u00een cadrul c\u0103ruia s-a determinat suprafa\u0163a fondului silvic din gubernia Basarabia (288,091 desetine \u2013 cca 11%).<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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  1. C. Paczosky \u00een lucrarea \u201e\u041e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0411\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0438\u0438<\/em>\u201d (1914) \u00eemparte vegeta\u0163ia zonal\u0103 \u00een dou\u0103 tipuri: vegeta\u0163ie de step\u0103 \u015fi vegeta\u0163ie silvic\u0103. Aici men\u0163ioneaz\u0103 c\u0103 flora basarabean\u0103 este de tip local care s-a format \u00eencep\u00e2nd cu perioada ter\u0163iar\u0103.<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Tr. S\u0103vulescu (1927) \u00een lucr\u0103rile sale clasific\u0103 vegeta\u0163ia silvic\u0103 a Basarabiei la tipul de silvostep\u0103, leg\u00e2nd originea acestora de p\u0103durile Podoliei.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

    Al. Borza \u00een lucrarea \u201eBasarabia noastr\u0103<\/em>\u201d (1936) prezint\u0103 o scurt\u0103 caracteristic\u0103 a form\u0103rii vegeta\u0163iei \u00een trecutul geologic.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

    Conform Hot\u0103r\u00e2rii Sovietului Mini\u015ftrilor al R.S.S.M. nr. 1110 din 31.07.1950, Sectorul de Botanic\u0103 al Filialei Moldovene\u015fti a Academiei de \u015etiin\u0163e a U.R.S.S. se reorganizeaz\u0103 \u00een Gr\u0103din\u0103 Botanic\u0103.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Mai t\u00e2rziu, \u00een toamna aceluia\u015fi an, \u00een partea de Nord-Est a or. Chi\u015fin\u0103u, pe valea r\u00e2ule\u0163ului Durle\u015fti, se aloc\u0103 terenul cu suprafa\u0163a de 74 ha pentru construc\u0163ia Gr\u0103dinii Botanice. \u00cen perioada anilor 1950\u20131964 se creeaz\u0103 colec\u0163ii \u015fi expozi\u0163ii de plante.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Prin Hot\u0103r\u00e2rea Sovietului Mini\u015ftrilor al R.S.S.M. nr. 916-r din 27 septembrie 1965, \u00een partea de Sud-Est a or. Chi\u015fin\u0103u, se repartizeaz\u0103 un teren nou cu suprafa\u0163a de 104 ha pentru proiectarea \u015fi construc\u0163ia actualei Gr\u0103dini Botanice a Academiei de \u015etiin\u0163e a Moldovei.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Lucr\u0103rile de proiectare \u015fi construc\u0163ie a Gr\u0103dinii Botanice au fost efectuate sub conducerea acad. A. Ciubotaru, care a activat \u00een calitate de director al acestei institu\u0163ii mai mult de 32 de ani.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0La baza proiect\u0103rii \u015fi construc\u0163iei Gr\u0103dinii Botanice a fost pus principiul ecologo-sistematic cu distribuirea speciilor de plante pe familii. \u00cen majoritatea cazurilor, grupurile de plante au fost amplasate \u00een stil de land\u015faft, fapt ce faciliteaz\u0103 orientarea pe teren \u015fi studierea vegeta\u0163iei, totodat\u0103, corespunz\u00e2nd cerin\u0163elor compozi\u0163ionale estetice \u015fi exigen\u0163elor ecologice ale speciilor de plante.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

    Pe parcursul anilor a fost construit blocul de laboratoare, create colec\u0163ii \u015fi expozi\u0163ii de plante, precum sunt: Dendrariul (expozi\u0163iile fam.\u00a0Rosaceae, Fagaceae, Fabaceae<\/em>\u00a0etc.), Pinariul, Flora Moldovei (expozi\u0163ia vegeta\u0163iei de step\u0103, forestier\u0103, acvatic\u0103 etc.), Gr\u0103dina de trandafiri (Rozariul), Gr\u0103dina de pomi cu cre\u015ftere dirijat\u0103, Gr\u0103dina alpin\u0103 (Alpinariu); Gr\u0103dina de piatr\u0103 (Rocariu), Gr\u0103dina de liane (Lianariul), Sectorul de floricultur\u0103, Sectorul resurse vegetale, Sectorul plante tropicale \u015fi subtropicale etc. Genofondul total al Gr\u0103dinii Botanice \u00eensumeaz\u0103 10 mii specii \u015fi variet\u0103\u0163i. \u00cen centrul Gr\u0103dinii Botanice au fost construite patru rezervoare de ap\u0103, care afl\u00eendu-se la nivele diferite, formeaz\u0103 o cascad\u0103 de lacuri.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

    Ierbarul Gr\u0103dinii Botanice de\u0163ine 185\u00a0000 exicate, reprezent\u00e2nd o colec\u0163ie unic\u0103 de plante erbarizate din flora autohton\u0103 \u015fi alte regiuni floristice.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

    Comitetul de Stat pentru \u015ftiin\u0163\u0103 \u015fi Tehnic\u0103, prin hot\u0103r\u00e2rea Sovietului Mini\u015ftrilor al U.R.S.S. nr. 38 din 01 iulie 1975, atribuie Gr\u0103dinii Botanice a Filialei Moldovene\u015fti a Academiei de \u015etiin\u0163e a U.R.S.S. statutul de institu\u0163ie de cercet\u0103ri \u015ftiin\u0163ifice.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

    Pe parcursul a 60 de ani de la fondarea Gr\u0103dinii Botanice activitatea acestei institu\u0163ii a fost condus\u0103 de: profesorul V. Andreev, 1947-1950, membru corespondent T. Geideman, 1950-1964, academicianul A. Ciubotaru, 1964-1986, doctorul I. Maia\u0163kii, 1986-1988 (interimar), academicianul A. Negru, 1988-1996, doctorul A. Teleu\u0163\u0103, 2006 \u2013 p\u00e2n\u0103 prezent. Un deosebit aport la dezvoltarea Gr\u0103dinii Botanice a A.\u015e.M. l-au adus academicienii N. \u0162i\u0163in, A. Fiodorov, N. Smolskii, A. Grodzinskii; profesorii S. Sokolov, P. Lapin, L. Rub\u0163ov \u015fi al\u0163ii.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

    <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 Pagini din istoria Gr\u0103dinii Botanice (Institut) a A.\u015e.M \u00a0 Cercet\u0103rile botanice sistematice \u00een Republica Moldova au fost ini\u0163iate \u00een 1947 de c\u0103tre colaboratorii Sectorului de Botanic\u0103 al Filialei Moldovene\u0219ti a Academiei de \u015etiin\u0163e a U.R.S.S. Dar, primele date despre vegeta\u0163ia Moldovei au ap\u0103rut \u00een sec. XVIII. Una din primele descrieri ale vegeta\u0163iei \u0163inutului…
    Cite\u0219te mai mult<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-823","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"rttpg_featured_image_url":null,"rttpg_author":{"display_name":"","author_link":"https:\/\/gbni.usm.md\/?author=1"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":null,"rttpg_excerpt":"\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 Pagini din istoria Gr\u0103dinii Botanice (Institut) a A.\u015e.M \u00a0 Cercet\u0103rile botanice sistematice \u00een Republica Moldova au fost ini\u0163iate \u00een 1947 de c\u0103tre colaboratorii Sectorului de Botanic\u0103 al Filialei Moldovene\u0219ti a Academiei de \u015etiin\u0163e a U.R.S.S. Dar, primele date despre vegeta\u0163ia Moldovei au ap\u0103rut \u00een sec. XVIII. Una din primele descrieri ale vegeta\u0163iei \u0163inutului……","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gbni.usm.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/823","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gbni.usm.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gbni.usm.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gbni.usm.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gbni.usm.md\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=823"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/gbni.usm.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/823\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":824,"href":"https:\/\/gbni.usm.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/823\/revisions\/824"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gbni.usm.md\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=823"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}