{"id":1057,"date":"2013-07-10T13:02:48","date_gmt":"2013-07-10T10:02:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gbni.usm.md\/?p=1057"},"modified":"2023-05-11T13:05:17","modified_gmt":"2023-05-11T10:05:17","slug":"profesorul-ion-comanici-la-80-de-ani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gbni.usm.md\/?p=1057","title":{"rendered":"Profesorul Ion Comanici la 80 de ani"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1058 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/gbni.usm.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/I.Comanici-206x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"206\" height=\"300\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 La 14 iulie 2013, profesorul universitar Ion Comanici \u00eempline\u015fte 80 de ani. S-a n\u0103scut \u00eentr-o familie de \u0163\u0103rani cu stare \u015fi cu harul muncii, din c. Coliba\u015fi, jude\u0163ul Cahul. Dup\u0103 absolvirea facult\u0103\u0163ii de biologie \u015fi chimie a Institutului Pedagogic din Tiraspol, \u00een 1958 se \u00eenscrie la doctorantur\u0103 \u00een cadrul Gr\u0103dinii Botanice a A.\u015e.M., av\u00e2nd \u00een calitate de conduc\u0103tor \u015ftiin\u0163ific pe ilustratul savant acad. V.R\u00eebin, discipol \u015fi colaborator al lui N.I.Vavilov.<br \/>\n\u00cen anul 1965 \u00ee\u015fi sus\u0163ine teza de doctorat cu tema: \u201e\u00cenmul\u0163irea vegetativ\u0103 a nucului\u201d, iar \u00een 1983 \u2013 teza de doctor habilitat \u00een biologie. Comanici este promotorul noii ramuri \u00een agricultura Republicii Moldova \u2013 cultura de soi a nucului, care a luat amploare \u015fi actualmente se dezvolt\u0103 vertiginos. S-a \u00eenceput de la aceea c\u0103 la sf\u00eer\u015fitul anilor 50 \u015fi \u00eenceputul anilor 60 (secolul trecut) I. Comanici \u00eempreun\u0103 cu prof. V.R\u00eebin au ridicat \u00eentrebarea despre altoirea nucului, lipsa c\u0103reia era dintotdeauna cauza principal\u0103 pentru punerea culturii nucului pe baz\u0103 de soi, \u015ftiin\u0163ific\u0103 (a se vedea \u201eMoldova Socialist\u0103\u201d din 9 octombrie 1959; \u201e\u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u041c\u043e\u043b\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0438\u044f\u201d \u043e\u0442 11 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0431\u0440\u044f 1959\u0433.; \u201eMoldova Socialist\u0103\u201d din 16 martie 1960, nr.63). La \u00eenceput, Comanici a studiat minu\u0163ios particularit\u0103\u0163ile morfo-fiziologice ce \u0163in de activitatea cambial\u0103 \u015fi procesele de concre\u015ftere a \u0163esuturilor la altoire, precum \u015fi exigen\u0163ele acestora fa\u0163\u0103 de temperatur\u0103 \u015fi umiditate. \u00cen continuare au fost elaborate metode eficiente de altoire a nucului at\u00eet \u00een spa\u0163iu protejat, \u00een containere \u015fi \u00een l\u0103zi de stratificare, c\u00eet \u015fi \u00een teren deschis, \u00een pepenier\u0103 (Pomic., vitic. \u015fi vinific. Mold., 1959, nr. 6, p. 90-91; acela\u015fi jurn., 1962, nr. 3, p. 39-42; \u0421\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e, 1964 N= 10, \u0441. 38 &#8211; 40). Aceste lucr\u0103ri de pionierat \u00een Republica Moldova au avut un larg ecou \u00een comunitatea \u015ftiin\u0163ific\u0103, precum \u015fi \u00een r\u00e2ndurile practicienilor, au fost puse la baza tehnologiilor de producere a materialului s\u0103ditor, juc\u00e2nd astfel un rol important la crearea culturii de soi a nucului.<br \/>\nProf. I. Comanici a efectuat vaste studii popula\u0163ionale asupra variabilit\u0103\u0163ii nucului at\u00eet local c\u00eet \u015fi celui din Centrul Genetic Primar contribuind la dezv\u0103luirea mai profund\u0103 a poten\u0163ialului genetic al acestei specii \u015fi pronosticarea unor forme valoroase. Pe baza acestor cercet\u0103ri comparate d\u00e2nsul a elaborat Concep\u0163ia Existen\u0163ei \u00een Moldova a unui focar al Centrului Genetic Secundar al Nucului, ca baz\u0103 genetic\u0103 pentru selec\u0163ia de noi soiuri, a eviden\u0163iat mai multe forme de perspectiv\u0103, dou\u0103 dintre care au fost omologate ca soiuri sub denumirea \u201eCodrene\u201d \u015fi \u201eLunguie\u0163e\u201d.<br \/>\nA stabilit unele legit\u0103\u0163i la hibridarea distant\u0103 \u015fi a ob\u0163inut mai mul\u0163i hibrizi interspecifici, inclusiv J. nigra x J. regia F2 nr.6-2, J. sieboldiana x J. regia F2 nr. 1-1 care \u00eembin\u0103 reu\u015fit calit\u0103\u0163ile \u00eenalte ale formei de cultur\u0103 (coaja sob\u0163ire, con\u0163inutului de miez p\u00een\u0103 la 55%) \u015fi \u00eensu\u015firile pre\u0163ioase (rezisten\u0163a la ger \u015fi boli) ale speciilor s\u0103lbatice.<br \/>\n\u00cen cadrul cercet\u0103rilor citologice a stabilit, pentru prima dat\u0103 \u00een literatur\u0103, num\u0103rul de cromozomi la trei specii: Juglans sieboldiana Max.; J. major (Torr.) Helen; J. hindsii Jeps. A stabilit de asemenea forma, dimensiunile \u015fi num\u0103rul de cromozomi la 9 specii (din 10) de Juglans, la 3 variet\u0103\u0163i de J. regia (\u0411\u044e\u043b\u043b. \u0413\u043b. \u0411\u043e\u0442. \u0421\u0430\u0434\u0430. \u0412\u044b\u043f. 125. \u0441. 73-79) \u015fi 19 hibrizi distan\u0163i. La toate aceste specii \u015fi hibrizi s-a constatat num\u0103rul de cromozomi 2n=32, ceea ce determin\u0103, dup\u0103 cum se crede, diversitatea specific\u0103 restr\u00eens\u0103 a fam. Juglandaceae Lindl. A descoperit mai multe deregl\u0103ri \u00een desf\u0103\u015furarea meiozei la hibrizii distan\u0163i, ceea ce l\u0103mure\u015fte cauzele sterilit\u0103\u0163ii F1.<br \/>\nA creat o bogat\u0103 colec\u0163ie de specii de juglandacee, soiuri \u015fi forme de nuc comun \u015fi hibrizi distan\u0163i de Juglans L. \u015fi de asemenea Colec\u0163ia de Carya pecan de la care a ob\u0163inut prima reproduc\u0163ie moldoveneasc\u0103 de pecan \u00een num\u0103r de c\u00eeteva sute de puie\u0163i, ca baz\u0103 material\u0103 pentru lucr\u0103rile de introduc\u0163ie \u00een continuare.<br \/>\n\u00cen aspect aplicativ a implementat metoda de altoire a nucului \u00een c\u00eeteva gospod\u0103rii, arealizat Proiectul de transfer tehnologic \u201eProducerea materialului s\u0103ditor de soiuri omologate de nuc\u201d (\u00ce.S.S. Iargara). Se implementeaz\u0103 soiurile omologate \u201eCodrene\u201d \u015fi \u201eLunguie\u0163e\u201d \u00een gospod\u0103rii individuale \u015fi colective \u015fi a hidridului J. nigra x J. regia F2 nr. 6-1 \u00een calitate de portaltoi.<br \/>\nEste autor a 130 lucr\u0103ri \u015ftiin\u0163ifice, inclusiv 8 monografii (4 \u00een colaborare) \u015fi 6 bro\u015furi \u015fi culegeri \u00een problemele nucului comun \u015fi altor nucifere; conduc\u0103tor \u015ftiin\u0163ific a 5 doctoranzi; membru al Consiliului Coordonator al Uniunii Asocia\u0163iilor Produc\u0103torilor de Culturi Nucifere din Republica Moldova, membru al Consiliului \u015etiin\u0163ific al Gr\u0103dinii Botanice a A.\u015e.M.; pre\u015fedinte al Seminarului Specializat pentru Conferirea Titlului \u015etiin\u0163ific de Doctor \u015fi Doctor Habilitat de pe l\u00eeng\u0103 Gr\u0103dina Botanic\u0103 a A.\u015e.M., membru al colegiului de redac\u0163ie al publica\u0163iei periodice \u201erevista Botanic\u0103\u201d.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 La 14 iulie 2013, profesorul universitar Ion Comanici \u00eempline\u015fte 80 de ani. S-a n\u0103scut \u00eentr-o familie de \u0163\u0103rani cu stare \u015fi cu harul muncii, din c. Coliba\u015fi, jude\u0163ul Cahul. Dup\u0103 absolvirea facult\u0103\u0163ii de biologie \u015fi chimie a Institutului Pedagogic din Tiraspol, \u00een 1958 se \u00eenscrie la doctorantur\u0103 \u00een cadrul Gr\u0103dinii Botanice&hellip; <br \/> <a class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/gbni.usm.md\/?p=1057\">Cite\u0219te mai mult<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1058,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1057","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"rttpg_featured_image_url":{"full":["https:\/\/gbni.usm.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/I.Comanici.jpg",823,1200,false],"landscape":["https:\/\/gbni.usm.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/I.Comanici.jpg",823,1200,false],"portraits":["https:\/\/gbni.usm.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/I.Comanici.jpg",823,1200,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/gbni.usm.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/I.Comanici-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/gbni.usm.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/I.Comanici-206x300.jpg",206,300,true],"large":["https:\/\/gbni.usm.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/I.Comanici-702x1024.jpg",702,1024,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/gbni.usm.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/I.Comanici.jpg",823,1200,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/gbni.usm.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/I.Comanici.jpg",823,1200,false],"post-thumbnail":["https:\/\/gbni.usm.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/I.Comanici.jpg",823,1200,false],"mesmerize-full-hd":["https:\/\/gbni.usm.md\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/I.Comanici-741x1080.jpg",741,1080,true]},"rttpg_author":{"display_name":"","author_link":"https:\/\/gbni.usm.md\/?author=1"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":"<a href=\"https:\/\/gbni.usm.md\/?cat=1\" rel=\"category\">Nout\u0103\u021bi<\/a>","rttpg_excerpt":"\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 La 14 iulie 2013, profesorul universitar Ion Comanici \u00eempline\u015fte 80 de ani. S-a n\u0103scut \u00eentr-o familie de \u0163\u0103rani cu stare \u015fi cu harul muncii, din c. Coliba\u015fi, jude\u0163ul Cahul. Dup\u0103 absolvirea facult\u0103\u0163ii de biologie \u015fi chimie a Institutului Pedagogic din Tiraspol, \u00een 1958 se \u00eenscrie la doctorantur\u0103 \u00een cadrul Gr\u0103dinii Botanice&hellip;&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gbni.usm.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1057","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gbni.usm.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gbni.usm.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gbni.usm.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gbni.usm.md\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1057"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/gbni.usm.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1057\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1059,"href":"https:\/\/gbni.usm.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1057\/revisions\/1059"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gbni.usm.md\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1058"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gbni.usm.md\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1057"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gbni.usm.md\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1057"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gbni.usm.md\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1057"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}